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Analysis :
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/** ` Micro Mezzo Macro Flation -- Overheated Economy ., **/ #include <algorithm> #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <sstream> #include <cstring> #include <cstdio> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <bitset> #include <queue> #include <cmath> #include <ctime> #include <list> #include <set> #include <map> using namespace std; #define REP(i, n) for (int i=0;i<int(n);++i) #define FOR(i, a, b) for (int i=int(a);i<int(b);++i) #define DWN(i, b, a) for (int i=int(b-1);i>=int(a);--i) #define REP_1(i, n) for (int i=1;i<=int(n);++i) #define FOR_1(i, a, b) for (int i=int(a);i<=int(b);++i) #define DWN_1(i, b, a) for (int i=int(b);i>=int(a);--i) #define REP_C(i, n) for (int n____=int(n),i=0;i<n____;++i) #define FOR_C(i, a, b) for (int b____=int(b),i=a;i<b____;++i) #define DWN_C(i, b, a) for (int a____=int(a),i=b-1;i>=a____;--i) #define REP_N(i, n) for (i=0;i<int(n);++i) #define FOR_N(i, a, b) for (i=int(a);i<int(b);++i) #define DWN_N(i, b, a) for (i=int(b-1);i>=int(a);--i) #define REP_1_C(i, n) for (int n____=int(n),i=1;i<=n____;++i) #define FOR_1_C(i, a, b) for (int b____=int(b),i=a;i<=b____;++i) #define DWN_1_C(i, b, a) for (int a____=int(a),i=b;i>=a____;--i) #define REP_1_N(i, n) for (i=1;i<=int(n);++i) #define FOR_1_N(i, a, b) for (i=int(a);i<=int(b);++i) #define DWN_1_N(i, b, a) for (i=int(b);i>=int(a);--i) #define REP_C_N(i, n) for (n____=int(n),i=0;i<n____;++i) #define FOR_C_N(i, a, b) for (b____=int(b),i=a;i<b____;++i) #define DWN_C_N(i, b, a) for (a____=int(a),i=b-1;i>=a____;--i) #define REP_1_C_N(i, n) for (n____=int(n),i=1;i<=n____;++i) #define FOR_1_C_N(i, a, b) for (b____=int(b),i=a;i<=b____;++i) #define DWN_1_C_N(i, b, a) for (a____=int(a),i=b;i>=a____;--i) #define DO(n) while(n--) #define DO_C(n) int n____ = n; while(n____--) #define TO(i, a, b) int s_=a<b?1:-1,b_=b+s_;for(int i=a;i!=b_;i+=s_) #define TO_1(i, a, b) int s_=a<b?1:-1,b_=b;for(int i=a;i!=b_;i+=s_) #define SQZ(i, j, a, b) for (int i=int(a),j=int(b)-1;i<j;++i,--j) #define SQZ_1(i, j, a, b) for (int i=int(a),j=int(b);i<=j;++i,--j) #define REP_2(i, j, n, m) REP(i, n) REP(j, m) #define REP_2_1(i, j, n, m) REP_1(i, n) REP_1(j, m) #define ALL(A) A.begin(), A.end() #define LLA(A) A.rbegin(), A.rend() #define CPY(A, B) memcpy(A, B, sizeof(A)) #define INS(A, P, B) A.insert(A.begin() + P, B) #define ERS(A, P) A.erase(A.begin() + P) #define BSC(A, X) find(ALL(A), X) // != A.end() #define CTN(T, x) (T.find(x) != T.end()) #define SZ(A) int(A.size()) #define PB push_back #define MP(A, B) make_pair(A, B) #define Rush int T____; RD(T____); DO(T____) #pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:36777216") #pragma GCC optimize ("O2") #define Ruby system("ruby main.rb") #define Haskell system("runghc main.hs") #define Pascal system("fpc main.pas") /** I/O Accelerator **/ /* ... :" We are I/O Accelerator ... Use us at your own risk ;) ... " .. */ template<class T> inline void RD(T &); template<class T> inline void OT(const T &); inline int RD(){ int x; RD(x); return x;} template<class T> inline T& _RD(T &x){ RD(x); return x;} inline void RS(char *s){scanf("%s", s);} template<class T0, class T1> inline void RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1){RD(x0), RD(x1);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2> inline void RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3> inline void RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2), RD(x3);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4> inline void RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3, T4 &x4){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2), RD(x3), RD(x4);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5> inline void RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3, T4 &x4, T5 &x5){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2), RD(x3), RD(x4), RD(x5);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6> inline void RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3, T4 &x4, T5 &x5, T6 &x6){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2), RD(x3), RD(x4), RD(x5), RD(x6);} template<class T0, class T1> inline void OT(T0 &x0, T1 &x1){OT(x0), OT(x1);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2> inline void OT(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3> inline void OT(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2), OT(x3);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4> inline void OT(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3, T4 &x4){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2), OT(x3), OT(x4);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5> inline void OT(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3, T4 &x4, T5 &x5){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2), OT(x3), OT(x4), OT(x5);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6> inline void OT(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3, T4 &x4, T5 &x5, T6 &x6){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2), OT(x3), OT(x4), OT(x5), OT(x6);} template<class T> inline void RST(T &A){memset(A, 0, sizeof(A));} template<class T0, class T1> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1){RST(A0), RST(A1);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2), RST(A3);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2), RST(A3), RST(A4);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4, T5 &A5){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2), RST(A3), RST(A4), RST(A5);} template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4, T5 &A5, T6 &A6){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2), RST(A3), RST(A4), RST(A5), RST(A6);} /** Add - On **/ // <<= ` 0. Daily Use ., template<class T> inline void checkMin(T &a,const T b){if (b<a) a=b;} template<class T> inline void checkMax(T &a,const T b){if (b>a) a=b;} template <class T, class C> inline void checkMin(T& a, const T b, C c){if (c(b,a)) a = b;} template <class T, class C> inline void checkMax(T& a, const T b, C c){if (c(a,b)) a = b;} template<class T> inline T min(T a, T b, T c){return min(min(a, b), c);} template<class T> inline T max(T a, T b, T c){return max(max(a, b), c);} template<class T> inline T sqr(T a){return a*a;} template<class T> inline T cub(T a){return a*a*a;} int Ceil(int x, int y){return (x - 1) / y + 1;} // <<= ` 1. Bitwise Operation ., inline bool _1(int x, int i){return x & 1<<i;} inline int _1(int i){return 1<<i;} inline int _U(int i){return _1(i) - 1;}; inline int count_bits(int x){ x = (x & 0x55555555) + ((x & 0xaaaaaaaa) >> 1); x = (x & 0x33333333) + ((x & 0xcccccccc) >> 2); x = (x & 0x0f0f0f0f) + ((x & 0xf0f0f0f0) >> 4); x = (x & 0x00ff00ff) + ((x & 0xff00ff00) >> 8); x = (x & 0x0000ffff) + ((x & 0xffff0000) >> 16); return x; } template<class T> inline T low_bit(T x) { return x & -x; } template<class T> inline T high_bit(T x) { T p = low_bit(x); while (p != x) x -= p, p = low_bit(x); return p; } // <<= ' 0. I/O Accelerator interface ., template<class T> inline void RD(T &x){ //cin >> x; //scanf("%d", &x); char c; for (c = getchar(); c < '0'; c = getchar()); x = c - '0'; for (c = getchar(); c >= '0'; c = getchar()) x = x * 10 + c - '0'; //char c; c = getchar(); x = c - '0'; for (c = getchar(); c >= '0'; c = getchar()) x = x * 10 + c - '0'; } template<class T> inline void OT(const T &x){ printf("%d\n", x); } /* .................................................................................................................................. */ const int N = 100001; int l[N], r[N], p[N]; bool rt[N]; int n; #define lx l[x] #define rx r[x] inline void Set(int l[], int y, int x){ l[y] = x, p[x] = y; } inline void Rotate(int x){ int y = p[x], z = p[y]; if (!rt[y]) Set(y == l[z] ? l : r, z, x); else p[x] = z; if (x == l[y]) Set(l, y, rx), Set(r, x, y); else Set(r, y, lx), Set(l, x, y); if (rt[y]) rt[y] = false, rt[x] = true; } inline void Splay(int x){ while (!rt[x]) Rotate(x); } int Access(int x){ int y = 0; do{ Splay(x); rt[rx] = true, rt[rx = y] = false; x = p[y = x]; } while (x); return y; } inline int Root(int x){ for (x = Access(x); lx ; x = lx); return x; } inline int Lca(int x, int y){ int lca; Access(y); y = 0; do{ Splay(x); if (!p[x]) lca = x; rt[rx] = true, rt[rx = y] = false; x = p[y = x]; } while (x); return lca; } // Public : void Cut(int x){ Access(x), Splay(x), rt[lx] = true; lx = p[lx] = 0; Access(x); } void Link(int y, int x){ Access(x), Splay(x), rt[lx] = true; lx = p[lx] = 0, p[x] = y; Access(x); } int main(){ //freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin); //freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout); REP_1_C(i, _RD(n)) rt[i] = true; int a, b; char cmd[9]; DO_C(RD()){ RS(cmd); if (cmd[1] == 'c') OT(Lca(RD(), RD())); else if (cmd[1] == 'i') Link(RD(), RD()); else Cut(RD()); } return 0; }